Key Takeaways:
Security Forces Make Progress South of Mosul Despite Heavy Resistance – Iraqi Security Forces and Federal Police continue to clear ISIS militants from points south of Mosul, including Nimrud, the ancient capital of the Assyrian empire located 32 kilometers southeast of the city. Iraqi Army Units and its elite Counterterrorism Service (CTS) have occupied approximately ten neighborhoods in the east of Mosul while Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga hold points north of the city and militias hold the west. Western media reported on the frequency of chemical weapon use by ISIS in Iraq and Syria, noting that one-third of approximately 52 chlorine and sulfur mustard agent attacks have taken place in and near Mosul. U.S.-led international coalition airstrikes targeted ISIS IED and chemical weapons factories in the lead-up to the start of operations on October 17, but whether ISIS has stockpiled these munitions (and where they may have done so) is unclear. The next phase of the battle to clear Mosul will likely occur from the south, as units prepare for a protracted battle to reclaim Mosul’s airport. more…
PMU Militias Clear Airport, Progress Toward Tal Afar – Popular Mobilization Units, including the Badr Brigade, are continuing efforts to interdict supply lines from Syria to the ISIS controlled city of Tal Afar, 69 kilometers west of Mosul, and have successfully cleared ISIS militants from the city’s airport. Efforts to clear Tal Afar are a point of contention for humanitarian observers and the international community who are concerned that innocent Sunni civilians trapped in the city may be targeted by the Iranian backed Shia militias surrounding the city. For more on these concerns, read our piece in Foreign Policy (co-authored with Michael Knights). more…
Nightmare Continues for Those Fleeing Mosul – As Iraqi Security Forces in Mosul cleared additional sub-districts of ISIS militants, approximately 10,000 civilians were able to flee the city over the past week, bringing the total number of IDPs from Mosul up to just under 70,000. This number is still far lower than the total expected to flee the city as more neighborhoods are liberated – total displacements could reach as high as 1.2 million. The UNHCR is capturing the stories of many of these families who are disclosing details of their experiences over the past two years of ISIS occupation. Stories of physical and psychological torture, kidnappings, summary executions, and other acts of brutality contribute to the overwhelming need of psychosocial support and trauma therapy for IDPs – especially children. IDPs from points far south of Mosul that were cleared of ISIS militants in October are already beginning to return to their homes. Former Iraqi Ambassador to the United States Lukman Faily explained that the prevalence of premature returns is partly the result of a culture which considers displacement “shameful.” The lack of resources, prevalence of gender based violence, lack of access to education resources, and generally poor conditions in IDP camps are also motivating factors. more…
Attack in Sharqat Leads to Retribution, Forced Displacements – On November 19, five militiamen fighting with Popular Mobilization Units were killed at a checkpoint disguised as legitimate but actually set up by ISIS militants in Sharqat, Salah ad-Din Province. In retribution for the attack, the Mayor of Sharqat, Ali al-Dudih, deported nearly 1,000 residents of the Askari District of the city, alleging that all of the residents were loyal to ISIS and cooperated in the attack. The Governor of Salah ad-Din Province, Ahmed al-Jabouri, called on Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi to reinforce security forces in Sharqat and expedite the return of the civilians wrongfully accused of ISIS allegiance. Sharqat was ostensibly cleared of ISIS militants on September 22. more…
Kirkuk Continues to Force Displacements as Conditions in Hawija Worsen – The UNHCR reported that in a continuing trend, more displaced families originally from Baiji District, in Salah ad-Din Province were expelled from shelter in Kirkuk on November 21 and moved to Tikrit. More than 200 families have been expelled from Kirkuk since October. Meanwhile, a source within the Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga reported that there are approximately 2,000 ISIS militants in the city of Hawija, and that an agreement among the Peshmerga, Iraqi Security Forces, and U.S.-led international coalition will allow for the clearing of ISIS militants from the city “soon.” The humanitarian situation in Hawija remains dire; there is a serious lack of food, water, medicine, and public services. For more on Hawija, read our briefing at World Politics Review. more…
Sporadic Violence in Anbar Continues to Plague Security Forces – This week, security forces declared a state of emergency in the cities of Haditha, Ramadi, Hit, and Baghdadi (all in Anbar Province) in anticipation of attacks by ISIS militants. On November 18, an IED attack killed 21 and injured 41 at a wedding party in Amiriyah Fallujah, 23 kilometers south of Fallujah. Other instances of violence and “armed outlaws” randomly detaining civilians pervade throughout the province. Iraqi Security Forces in Anbar are stretched thin, with most efforts focused on ongoing operations in northern Iraq. more…
For more background on most of the institutions, key actors, political parties, and locations mentioned in our takeaways or in the stories that follow, see the ISHM Reference Guide.
Security Forces Make Progress South of Mosul Despite Heavy Resistance
On November 18, Deputy Commander of Operations in Ninewa Province, Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Rasheed Jarallah, reported that the Iraqi Army’s Ninth Armoured Division cleared Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) militants from the village of Tel Waei, 41 kilometers southwest of Mosul. An earlier report by Jarallah claimed that the Ninth Armoured Division also managed to take the village of Umarkan, 24 kilometers southeast of Mosul.
On November 18, an anonymous, local source reported that ISIS released a document of 31 former ISIS leaders that fled Mosul from the western side of the city towards Baaj, 137 kilometers west of Mosul. The source claimed that the ISIS documents say that the leaders fled the city in fear of being killed in the battle and that they must be “arrested immediately or killed in the event of any resistance.”
On November 19, Deputy Commander of Operations in Ninewa Province, Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Rasheed Jarallah, reported that Counter Terrorism Services (CTS) managed to clear ISIS militants from the al-Mu’allim district in eastern Mosul. Jarallah also claimed that Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) cleared ISIS militants from the Nimrud area, 32 kilometers southeast of Mosul.
On November 19, an anonymous security source in Ninewa Province reported that 15 ISIS militants were killed when a U.S.-led international coalition airstrike targeted oil tanks in western Mosul. The source reported that residents in the western neighborhood of al-Tenk reported “a violent explosion [that] shook the neighborhood.”
On November 19, Joint Operations Command reported that the Iraqi Ninth Armoured Division entered the al-Entisar, Judaydat al-Mufti, al-Salam, Shahid Yunis, and Palestine neighborhoods in the southeast area of Mosul. Likewise, the CTS is currently continuing to clear the neighborhoods of al-Bakir, al-Qadisiyah, al-Khadrah, al-Muharibeen, and Dahabi areas in eastern Mosul.
On November 19, head of the Ninewa Security Committee, Mohammed al-Bayati, reported that approximately 200 ISIS militants attacked security forces by boat from the villages of Qan’awsah and Imam, 75 kilometers south of Mosul. During the violent clashes that broke out between the security forces and ISIS militants, over 40 militants were killed and 11 more arrested. Commander of the eighth police regiment in Ninewa, Colonel Mijbil al-Jubouri, reported that three policemen were killed by ISIS suicide bombers during the conflict. Federal police arrive at the location to assist local police and secure the area.
On November 20, Member of Parliament in the Ninewa Province, Hunain al-Qadu, suggested that the Iraqi government use all military units possible, including PMU militias, to break into western Mosul in order to speed up operations to clear ISIS from Mosul. Qadu claimed that currently, operations have been proceeding “very slow” and reported that civilians in Mosul are “suffering a slow death as a result of medicine, food shortages,” and dealing with increasingly aggressive ISIS militants.
On November 20, an anonymous local source in Ninewa Province reported that ISIS members were stealing human organs of both injured civilians and ISIS militants who are in hospitals in Ninewa, and then transferring the organs to Syria to be sold to international human organ traffickers. The source claimed that ISIS stole organs from at least 86 ISIS militants in local hospitals in Ninewa. ISIS receives most of it’s funding through crude oil, but as ISF continue to take more previously held ISIS areas, ISIS is having to rely on other practices to increase financial revenues.
On November 20, an anonymous security force in Ninewa Province reported that the the CTS found one of the largest caches of weapons and ammunition in Tahrir, a district in northeast Mosul. CTS forces found around 800 weapons; including Mortars, IEDs, and rockets. The source reported that ISF were able to kill a suicide bomber before he detonated his vest near the cache.
On November 20, the Directorate of Military Intelligence reported that members of the Intelligence Directorate managed to infiltrate ISIS’s ranks in the city of Mosul and have been wandering the alleys collecting intelligence and monitoring ISIS. The Directorate warned that those who follow ISIS will die unless they begin to cooperate with security forces and offer information that will be helpful to security operations.
On November 20, a source in the CTS reported that forces cleared ISIS militants from the western Mosul districts of Aden, Walakha, and Mashru Almah. Deputy Commander of Operations in Ninewa Province, Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Rasheed Jarallah, claimed that CTS killed ISIS leader Marwan Hamed Saleh Hayali during conflicts between ISF and ISIS militants.
On November 21, the _New York Times_ reported that a London based intelligence collection and analysis service, IHS Conflict Monitor, believes that ISIS used chemical weapons, including chlorine and sulfur mustard agents, at least 52 times on battlefields in Iraq and Syria. The report suggested that over one third of those chemical attacks came from the ISIS stronghold in Mosul. While military officials generally consider the chemical attacks “rudimentary,” ISIS may unleash more chemical attacks as they lose ground in Mosul, “slowing down and demoralizing” ISF as they push farther in the city. In order to try to prevent ISIS from having the ability to create chemical weapons, the U.S.-led international coalition targeted ISIS chemical weapons factories before the operations to retake Mosul began on October 17. It is unknown how ISIS gained chemical weapons, but some believe that ISIS either captured weapons from undeclared chemical weapons sites in Iraq and Syria, or produced them themselves. Attacks are usually “geographically scattered” and usually differ in delivery method, which indicates that ISIS is experimenting with different weapon configurations to carry out chemical weapons attacks.
On November 21, an anonymous security source in Ninewa Province reported that one of the largest Syriac, Catholic churches Mar Mehnam Monastery located in Khidr Ilyas, 32 kilometers from the center of Mosul, was cleared of ISIS militants. Mar Mehnam Monastery was taken and destroyed by ISIS militants on March 19, 2015.
On November 21, Deputy Commander of Operations in Ninewa Province, Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Rasheed Jarallah, reported that the ISF succeeded in clearing ISIS militants from the village of Salmiyah, east of Mosul. ISF also cleared the village of Awrita Kharab, 405 kilometers north of Baghdad, of ISIS militants.
On November 21, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) reported that Iraqi Special Forces and “Americans” carried out an operation in the village of Abu Sidirh near Baaj, 137 kilometers west of Mosul, and arrested seven ISIS militants. The Iraqi special forces and American were dropped off by eight helicopters, while four other aircraft provided air coverage. Baaj is geographically important because it links Mosul to Syria.
On November 22, a military media source reported that two IED factories were destroyed and numerous ISIS militants were killed during a PMU “aerial bombardment” in the Arkab Valley area, on the western side of Mosul. PMU leadership also announced that its forces will begin the fourth phase of operations to clear Tal Afar, 69 kilometer west of Mosul, of ISIS militants. PMUs are expected to isolate and encircle the city in preparation for the final assault on the city.
On November 22, member of Ninewa Provincial Council, Hossam Eddin al-Abbar, reported that ISIS transferred detainees from a prison located in al-Salam Hospital, in the southeast of Mosul, to an unknown location. Abbar claimed that security forces have taken 85 percent of areas in eastern Mosul, prompting ISIS to move detainees to a new location.
On November 23, an anonymous source in Ninewa Province reported that the Iraqi army air component destroyed 40 oil tankers near the village Kharbardan, 57 kilometers south of Mosul. The convoy of oil tankers was completely destroyed in the airstrike.
On November 23, Deputy Commander of Operations in Ninewa Province, Lieutenant General Abdul Amir Rasheed Jarallah, reported that ISF cleared ISIS militants from the village of Qara Tappa, 14 kilometers southeast of Mosul. The report claimed that ISF inflicted heavy casualties on ISIS militants.
On November 23, a military media source reported that the Iraqi Air Force killed the ISIS head of Information named Ziad Khrovah during an airstrike in the city of Mosul. Khrovah was in charge of the production of propaganda films created by ISIS to entice foreigners to join ISIS.